In CNC machining parts factory (including CNC milling machine service and CNC lathe service) and injection mold inc (including plastic moulding factory and metal die casting mold factory), quality assurance is the most critical in "precision machining part", and the commonly used precision product measuring equipment for quality assurance is the VMM (VMM) and CMM (CMM).
‘VMM’ and ‘CMM’ in automotive component manufacturers
2025-12-26
VMM:
VMM is also called video measuring instrument and video measuring machine. It is often used to measure the dimensions of plastic moulding parts, precision machining parts and other products, or to measure the geometric tolerances of the measured elements, such as position, concentricity, straightness, profile, roundness and dimensions related to the datum. VMM is mainly used for two-dimensional plane detection of thinner and smaller products or two-dimensional projection detection of other workpieces.
VMM is often used to measure two-dimensional plane dimensions and is widely used in various "cnc machining car parts". It is mainly used for the dimensions and angles of parts that are difficult to measure or cannot be measured by calipers and angle rulers but play an important role in assembly.
The VMM is a high-precision optical image measuring instrument composed of a high-resolution CCD color camera, a continuously variable magnification objective lens, a color display, a video crosshair generator, a precision optical ruler, a multi-function data processor, 2D data measurement software and a high-precision workbench structure.
Working principle: The hardware CCD and grating ruler of the VMM itself are transmitted to the computer's data acquisition card through USB and RS232 data cables, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is then imaged on the computer monitor by the image measuring instrument software, and the operator uses the mouse to perform rapid measurements on the computer. The above processes are basically completed in tens of thousands of seconds, so it can be regarded as a real-time detection device.
Measuring function:
1. Automatic grabbing and measuring function (automatically capturing points, lines, circles, arcs, etc.)
For example: when the "plastic moulding parts" to be tested are placed in the main interface of the software, you only need to select the corresponding drawing command, and the software will intelligently and accurately automatically draw lines, circles and other primitives in the real-time image of the "plastic moulding parts". This drawing method is more accurate and faster than picking points with the naked eye, and avoids human errors.
2. High-precision optical assisted focusing and height measurement function based on intelligent image processing:
With automatic and manual focusing functions, the Z axis can be automatically or manually moved after selecting the target area to search for the clearest position. The software automatically captures and distinguishes to minimize human errors.
3. Map function
The humanized map navigation function can help you quickly locate the local position on a large workpiece, shortening the search time required for operation. Open the map for virtual measurement or navigation.
4. Fully automatic and manual CNC measurement
CNC programming measurement is divided into fully automatic and manual modes. In the fully automatic CNC mode, when performing large-scale workpiece inspection, you only need to program the measurement process once to automatically perform multiple fully automatic repeated measurements. For manual workbenches, the manual CNC mode can be used to simulate the automatic measurement function of CNC and improve work efficiency.
5. Array measurement
Array measurement can automatically measure the array distribution part on the same workpiece. You only need to program the open distribution part and set the open distribution rules to automatically measure.
6. Drawing comparison
Open the CAD design drawing, which does not match the actual image. Use the straightening function in the drawing comparison to overlap the opened drawing with the image. Use the straightened graphics to measure or make simple comparisons.
7. SPC statistics
The built-in SPC (statistical process control) function can read the specified measurement data after measurement, generate control charts such as X-R and Xm-R, and calculate the maximum value, minimum value, average value, standard deviation, offset value, Ca, Cp, Cpk and other statistical coefficients.
Application areas:
Almost all manufacturing companies cannot do without VMM.
VMM is widely used in mechanical equipment, CNC milling machine parts, CNC lathe parts, injection molds, injection molding, hardware parts, low-voltage electrical appliances, magnetic materials, precision hardware, precision stamping, connectors, robots, drones, computers, automotive parts, medical equipment, medical equipment, die-casting molds, die-casting parts, automotive component manufacturers, gears, car part manufacturers, injection mold inc, sheet metal parts factory, CNC machining parts factory, CNC turning factory, bearings, stamping parts, etc.
CMM:
The full name of the three-dimensional measuring machine (CMM) is Coordinate Measuring Machine. The three-dimensional measuring machine (CMM) is an instrument that measures by taking three-dimensional points. It is also called a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine. Its main principle is to place the object to be measured in the three-dimensional measurement space, obtain the coordinate position of each measuring point on the object to be measured, and calculate the geometric size, shape and position of the object to be measured. Specifically, the three-dimensional measuring machine obtains the spatial point position of the measured geometric element by detecting the coordination of the sensor and the axis movement of the measurement space, and then completes the analysis and fitting of the measured points through mathematical calculations, and finally restores the measured geometric element, and calculates the deviation between it and the theoretical value, thereby completing the inspection of the measured parts. In addition, the three-dimensional measuring machine can also measure dimensional accuracy, positioning accuracy, geometric accuracy and contour accuracy. It is not only used for engineering development, drawing measurement, and quality inspection, but also can directly input the image of the measured object into the computer to digitize it, and generate a picture on the computer or display screen for the operator to compare the image and the image, so as to intuitively distinguish the possible deviations in the measurement results. Generally, the more complex or high-precision precision machining parts and precision plastic moulding parts will be measured with a three-dimensional measuring machine (CMM). There are also some data that must be measured with a three-dimensional measuring machine, such as the "position", "flatness" and "parallelism" of some customer-customized precision parts.
Differences between VMM and CMM
Differences in principle and function
VMM:
Principle: VMM captures images through CCD camera and then transfers them to computer for processing and measurement. It mainly performs two-dimensional measurement, i.e. measurement within one plane.
Function: It is suitable for two-dimensional plane measurement of thin-walled parts, LCD panels, plastic parts, etc., and can measure position, concentricity, straightness, contour, etc.
Three-dimensional measuring machine:
Principle: The three-dimensional measuring machine (coordinate measuring machine) moves on three mutually perpendicular guide rails and measures the coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each point of the workpiece through a probe or non-contact sensor. It performs three-dimensional space measurement.
Function: It is suitable for three-dimensional measurement of complex-shaped mechanical parts, free-form surfaces, etc., and can measure shape, size and form tolerance.
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